Uhlobo olusha lwe-influenza oluvele—I-Influenza A(H3N2) Subclade K—iqhuba umsebenzi womkhuhlane ophakeme ngendlela engavamile ezifundeni eziningi, ibeka ingcindezi enkulu ezinhlelweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo zomhlaba wonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinto ezintsha zokuxilonga ezisukela ku-ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kwe-antigenku-ukuhlolwa kwama-molecule okuzenzakalelayo ngokupheleleku-ukulandelana kwezakhi zofuzo ezigcwelebashintsha indlela esithola ngayo, esiqinisekisa ngayo, futhi esiqonda ngayo izinsongo ezisafufusa ezibangelwa amagciwane.
Ndawonye, lezi zinguquko ziphawula ukushintshela endleleni eqondile nenezigaba yokuphathwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo zokuphefumula.
Uhlobo Olushintsha Umdlalo: Yini Eyenza I-Subclade K Ihluke
Isigaba Esingaphansi Kimele igatsha lezakhi zofuzo elisanda kuguqulwa ngaphakathi kohlu lwe-H3N2, olubunjwe izinguquko eziqhubekayo kuphrotheni ye-hemagglutinin (HA). Nakuba kulindeleke ukuthi i-antigenic drift, i-Subclade K izihlukanise ngokushesha ngezakhiwo ezimbili ezibalulekile:
Ukuphunyuka Kwamasosha Omzimba
Ukuguqulwa kwe-HA okubalulekile kushintsha iphrofayili ye-antigenic yegciwane, kunciphisa ukufana kwalo nalokhu:
-Izinhlobo ezifakiwe emithini yokugomela umkhuhlane yamanje
-Ukungavikeleki komzimba okwakhelwe ezifweni zakamuva
Lokhu kuphumela ezingeni eliphezulu lokutheleleka okuqhamukayo.
Ukuqina Kokudluliselwa Okuthuthukisiwe
Izinguquko zesakhiwo zingathuthukisa ikhono legciwane lokubopha kuma-receptors asemgudwini wokuphefumula ongaphezulu, okunikeza i-Subclade K ithuba lokuncintisana ekudluliseleni.
Umthelela Womhlaba Wonke
Idatha yokuqapha evela emazweni ase-Asia naseYurophu ikhombisa ukuthi i-Subclade K ibala inani le-ngaphezu kuka-90%kokutholakala kwe-H3N2 kwakamuva. Ukusabalala kwayo okusheshayo kube nomthelela ezinkathini zokuqala zomkhuhlane kanye nomthwalo wezempilo owandisiwe, okugqamisa isidingo samasu okuthola ahlukene aklanyelwe izindawo zezokwelapha, zomphakathi kanye nezempilo zomphakathi.
Uhlaka Lokuxilonga Lwezigaba Ezintathu lwe-Subclade K
Uhlobo lomkhuhlane olushintsha ngokushesha ludingaisu lokuxilonga elihambisanayo nelisezingeni eliphezululokho kuvumela:
-Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo ezindaweni zomphakathi
-Ukuqinisekiswa okusheshayo nokunembile ezindaweni zezokwelapha
-ukuhlaziywa okujulile kwezakhi zofuzo kokuqapha nokucwaninga
Ngezansi uhlaka oluhlanganisiwe lwezixazululo ezintathu.
1.Ukuhlolwa Okusheshayo:2~6-in-1 eguquguqukayoUkuhlolwa kwe-Antigen (Immunochromatography)
Kuhle kakhulu ku:
Imitholampilo yokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo, iminyango yeziguli ezingalaliswa esibhedlela, amakamelo ezempilo esikoleni, imitholampilo yasemsebenzini, kanye nokuzihlola ekhaya.
Kungani kubalulekile:
Lezi zilungiselelo zidinga ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kanye nezinqumo ezisheshayo ukuvimbela ukusabalala nokuqondisa izinyathelo ezilandelayo.
Izici Eziyinhloko:
-Ukusebenza okulula, okungenamishini
-Imiphumela iyatholakala ku-imizuzu eyi-15
Ivumela ukuhlonza okusheshayo kokuqala kokutheleleka kwe-Influenza A kanye ne-B noma ezinye izifo zokuphefumula ezivame kakhulu.
Lolu vivinyo lwakhaumugqa wokuqala wokutholwa kwezinga lomphakathi, okusiza ekutholeni ngokushesha amacala asolwayo nokunquma ukuthi kuyadingeka yini ukuqinisekiswa kwama-molecule.
1.Ukuqinisekiswa Okusheshayo Kwama-Molecular: I-AIO800 Isebenza Ngokuzenzakalelayo NgokugcweleAma-moleculeUhlelo LokutholaIkhithi Yokuthola Ukuphefumula engu-+14 ku-1
Kuhle kakhulu ku:
Iminyango yezimo eziphuthumayo zasesibhedlela, amawadi eziguli ezilaliswe esibhedlela, imitholampilo yomkhuhlane, kanye namalebhu okuxilonga esifunda.
Kungani kubalulekile:
Njengoba i-Subclade K ikwazi ukuphuma emzimbeni kanye nokuhlangana kwezimpawu nezinye izifo zokuphefumula, ukuhlonza okunembile kubalulekile ukuze:
-Ukunquma ukwelashwa ngama-antiviral njenge-oseltamivir
- Ukuhlukanisa umkhuhlane ku-RSV, i-adenovirus, noma ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane
-Ukwenza izinqumo zokulaliswa esibhedlela ngokushesha noma zokuhlukaniswa
Izici Eziyinhloko:
-Ukusebenza okuzenzekelayo ngokugcwele "kokufaka isampula, umphumela" kweqiniso
-Iletha imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-nucleic acid kuImizuzu engama-30–45
-Amaphaneli e-PCR amaningi esikhathi sangempela ayahlolwa14izifo zokuphefumulangisho noma umthamo wegciwane uphansi kakhulu.
I-AIO800 isebenza njenge-umongo wezokwelaphaukuxilongwa kwe-influenza yesimanje, okuvumela ukuqinisekiswa okusheshayo nokunembile kanye nokusekela ukubhekwa kwempilo yomphakathi ngesikhathi sangempela.
3. Uphenyo Olujulile Lwegciwane: Ukulandelana Okugcwele Kwezakhi Zofuzo Zamagciwane Omkhuhlane
Kuhle kakhulu ku:
Izikhungo Zokulawula Izifo, izikhungo zocwaningo, izindawo zokuqapha amagciwane, kanye namalebhu ezempilo yomphakathi kazwelonke noma wesifunda.
Kungani kubalulekile:
I-Subclade K—kanye nezinhlobo zesikhathi esizayo—kumele ziqashwe njalo ezingeni le-genomic ukuze kuqondwe:
-Ukukhukhuleka kwe-antigenic
-Izinguquko zokumelana negciwane
-Ukuvela kwezinhlobo ezintsha
-Amanethiwekhi okudlulisa kanye nemvelaphi yokuqubuka kobhubhane
Izici Eziyinhloko:
-Isevisi kusukela ekukhishweni kwesampula kuya ekulungisweni komtapo wolwazi, ukulandelana, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-bioinformatic
-Ihlinzeka ngokulandelana okuphelele kwezakhi zofuzo zegciwane
-Ivumela ukuhlaziywa kwamaphrofayili okuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, izihlahla ze-phylogenetic, kanye nokuguquguquka kokuziphendukela kwemvelo
Ukulandelana kwe-genome ephelele kumelelaungqimba olujulile lokuxilonga, enikeza ulwazi olunikeza ulwazi ngezibuyekezo zemithi yokugoma, izinqumo zenqubomgomo, kanye nomhlaba wonke
izinhlaka zokuqapha.
Ukuya ohlelweni lokulawula umkhuhlane oluqhutshwa ngokunembile
Ukuhlanganiswa kosongo lwegciwane olushintsha ngokushesha kanye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili bokuxilonga kuqhuba ushintsho esu lezempilo yomphakathi.
1. Kusukela Ekuqageleni Okusekelwe Ezimpawini Kuya Ekuhlolweni Okunezingqimba Eziqondile
Ukuhlolwa kwe-antigen → ukuqinisekiswa kwama-molecule → ukulandelela izakhi zofuzo kwakha ipayipi eliphelele lokuxilonga.
2. Kusukela Ekuphenduleni Okusheshayo Kuya Ekuqwashisweni Kwesikhathi Sangempela
Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo okuvamile kanye nedatha ye-genomic eqhubekayo kusekela izexwayiso zakuqala kanye nokulungiswa kwenqubomgomo okuguquguqukayo.
3. Kusukela Ezindleleni Ezihlukanisiwe Kuya Ekulawuleni Okuhlanganisiwe
Ukugoma, ukuxilongwa okusheshayo, ukwelashwa ngama-antiviral, kanye nokungenelela kwezempilo yomphakathi kudala uhlelo lokuzivikela oluhlelekile.
Ngaphakathi kwalolu hlaka, ukuhlolwa kwe-antigen kunikezaisihlungi sangaphambili, i-AIO800 iyalethaukunemba kwezokwelapha, kanye nezipesheli zokulandelana kwezakhi zofuzo ezigcweleukujula kwamasu—ndawonye bakha ukuzivikela okunamandla kakhulu ngokumelene ne-Subclade K kanye nezinhlobo ze-influenza zesikhathi esizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 10-2025