I-International Diabetes Federation (IDF) kanye ne-World Health Organization (WHO) baqoka uNovemba 14 njengo "Usuku Lwesifo Sikashukela Lomhlaba". Ngonyaka wesibili wochungechunge lwe-Access to Diabetes Care (2021-2023), isihloko salo nyaka sithi: Isifo Sikashukela: imfundo yokuvikela ikusasa.
01 Ukubuka Konke Kwesifo Sikashukela Somhlaba
Ngo-2021, kwakunabantu abayizigidi ezingu-537 abaphila nesifo sikashukela emhlabeni wonke. Inani leziguli ezinesifo sikashukela emhlabeni kulindeleke ukuthi likhuphuke lifinyelele ezigidini ezingu-643 ngo-2030 kanye nezigidi ezingu-784 ngo-2045 ngokulandelana, okuwukwenyuka okungu-46%!
02 Amaqiniso abalulekile
Uhlelo lweshumi lwe-Global Diabetes Overview luveza amaqiniso ayisishiyagalombili ahlobene nesifo sikashukela. La maqiniso akwenza kucace futhi ukuthi "ukuphathwa kwesifo sikashukela kubo bonke" kuyaphuthuma ngempela!
-1 kubantu abadala abangu-9 (abaneminyaka engu-20-79) unesifo sikashukela, kanti abantu abayizigidi ezingu-537 emhlabeni jikelele
-Ngo-2030, umuntu omdala oyedwa kwabayi-9 uzoba nesifo sikashukela, okuyisibalo sabantu abayizigidi ezingu-643.
-Ngo-2045, umuntu omdala oyedwa kwabayisishiyagalombili uzoba nesifo sikashukela, okuyisibalo sabantu abayizigidi ezingu-784.
-80% wabantu abanesifo sikashukela bahlala emazweni anengeniso ephansi nephakathi
-Isifo sikashukela sibangele ukufa kwabantu abayizigidi ezingu-6.7 ngo-2021, okulingana nokufa komuntu oyedwa ngenxa yesifo sikashukela njalo ngemizuzwana emihlanu.
-Abantu abayizigidi ezingu-240 (44%) abanesifo sikashukela emhlabeni wonke abakatholakali
-Isifo sikashukela sibize u-$966 billion ekusetshenzisweni kwezempilo emhlabeni wonke ngo-2021, okuyisibalo esikhule ngo-316% eminyakeni eyi-15 edlule.
-Oyedwa kubantu abadala abayi-10 unesifo sikashukela esiphazamisekile kanti abantu abayizigidi ezingu-541 emhlabeni wonke basengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili;
-68% wabantu abadala abanesifo sikashukela bahlala emazweni ayi-10 anabanesifo sikashukela abaningi.
03 Idatha yesifo sikashukela eShayina
Isifunda saseNtshonalanga Pacific lapho iShayina itholakala khona besilokhu "siyimbangela enkulu" phakathi kwabantu abanesifo sikashukela emhlabeni wonke. Isiguli esisodwa kwabane abanesifo sikashukela emhlabeni singumShayina. EShayina, okwamanje kunabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-140 abaphila nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, okulingana nomuntu oyedwa kwabayisishiyagalolunye abaphila nesifo sikashukela. Inani labantu abanesifo sikashukela esingatholakalanga liphezulu lifinyelela ku-50.5%, okulindeleke ukuthi lifinyelele izigidi ezingu-164 ngo-2030 kanye nezigidi ezingu-174 ngo-2045.
Ulwazi oluyinhloko lokuqala
Isifo sikashukela singesinye sezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezithinta kakhulu impilo yabantu abahlala lapha. Uma iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zingelashwa kahle, singaholela emiphumeleni emibi njengesifo senhliziyo, ubumpumputhe, i-foot gangrene, kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli.
Ulwazi oluyinhloko lwesibili
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zesifo sikashukela "zingaphezu kathathu kanye nokuncipha okukodwa" (i-polyuria, i-polydipsia, i-polyphagia, ukwehla kwesisindo), kanti ezinye iziguli zihlushwa yiso ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezisemthethweni.
Ulwazi oluyinhloko lwesithathu
Abantu abasengozini enkulu banamathuba amaningi okuthola isifo sikashukela kunabantu abaningi, futhi uma kunezici eziningi eziyingozi, kulapho ingozi yokuba nesifo sikashukela iba nkulu khona. Izici ezivamile eziyingozi zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kubantu abadala zifaka phakathi: ubudala ≥ iminyaka engu-40 ubudala, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, i-dyslipidemia, umlando we-prediabetes, umlando womndeni, umlando wokubeletha i-macrosomia noma umlando wesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.
Ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwesine
Kudingeka ukunamathela isikhathi eside ekwelashweni okuphelele kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela. Iningi lesifo sikashukela lingalawulwa ngempumelelo ngokwelashwa kwesayensi nokunengqondo. Iziguli zingajabulela impilo evamile esikhundleni sokufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukukhubazeka ngenxa yesifo sikashukela.
Ulwazi oluyinhloko lwesihlanu
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zidinga ukwelashwa kokudla okunomsoco kwezokwelapha okuqondene nomuntu ngamunye. Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kufanele zilawule amandla azo aphelele ngokuhlola isimo sazo sokudla okunomsoco bese zibeka imigomo nezinhlelo zokwelapha okunomsoco kwezokwelapha ezifanele ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sesazi sokudla okunomsoco noma ithimba labaphathi elihlanganisiwe (kufaka phakathi umfundisi wesifo sikashukela).
Ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwesithupha
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele zenze ukwelashwa kokuzivocavoca ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kochwepheshe.
Ulwazi oluyinhloko lwesikhombisa
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela kufanele bahlolwe njalo ushukela egazini labo, isisindo, amafutha kanye nomfutho wegazi.
Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Macro & Micro eBeijing: I-Wes-Plus isiza ekutholakaleni kokuthayipha isifo sikashukela
Ngokusho kwe-"Chinese Expert Consensus on Diagnosis Diabetes Typing Diagnosis" ka-2022, sithembele kubuchwepheshe bokulandelana obusezingeni eliphezulu ukuhlola izakhi zofuzo zenuzi kanye ne-mitochondrial, futhi sihlanganisa ne-HLA-locus ukusiza ekuhloleni ingozi yokutheleleka kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.
Izoqondisa ngokuphelele ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nokwelashwa kanye nokuhlolwa kwezingozi zofuzo zeziguli ezinesifo sikashukela, futhi isize odokotela ekwakheni izinhlelo zokuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa eziqondene nomuntu ngamunye.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-25-2022