Odinga Ukukwazi Nge-HPV kanye Nokuhlolwa Kwe-HPV Okuzisampulayo

Iyini i-HPV?

I-Human papillomavirus (HPV) isifo esivame kakhulu esivame ukusakazeka ngokuthintana kwesikhumba nesikhumba, ikakhulukazi ucansi. Nakuba kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-200, ezingaba ngu-40 kuzo zingabangela izinsumpa zangasese noma umdlavuza kubantu.

Ivamise kangakanani i-HPV?

I-HPV iyisifo esithathelwana ngocansi esivame kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Njengamanje kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angama-80 abesifazane kanye nama-90% amadoda azoba negciwane le-HPV esikhathini esithile empilweni yawo.

Obani abasengozini yokutheleleka nge-HPV?

Ngoba i-HPV ivame kakhulu kangangokuthi abantu abaningi abaya ocansini basengozini (futhi ngesinye isikhathi bayoba) nokutheleleka nge-HPV.

Izinto ezihlobene nengozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka nge-HPV zifaka:

Ukuya ocansini okokuqala esemncane (ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-18);
Ukuba nabalingani bocansi abaningi;
Ukuba nophathina oyedwa ocansini onophathina bocansi abaningi noma onokutheleleka nge-HPV;
Ukuba ne-immunocompromised, njengalabo abaphila ne-HIV;

Ingabe zonke izinhlobo ze-HPV ziyabulala?

Ukutheleleka kwe-HPV okunobungozi obuphansi (okungabangela izinsumpa zangasese) azibulali. Amazinga okufa abikwa kumdlavuza ohlobene ne-HPV oyingozi kakhulu ongabulala. Kodwa-ke, uma kusheshe kwatholakala, abaningi bangelapheka.

Ukuhlolwa kanye Nokutholwa Kwangaphambi kwesikhathi

Ukuhlolelwa i-HPV okuvamile nokuhlonzwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile njengoba umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho (cishe u-100% obangelwa ukutheleleka nge-HPV engozini enkulu) ungavinjelwa futhi uyelapheka uma utholwa usaqala.

Ukuhlolwa okusekelwe ku-HPV DNA kunconywa yi-WHO njengendlela ekhethwayo, esikhundleni sokubonwayo
ukuhlolwa nge-acetic acid (VIA) noma i-cytology (evame ukwaziwa ngokuthi 'i-Pap smear'), njengamanje izindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele ukuthola izilonda zangaphambi komdlavuza.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV-DNA kuthola izinhlobo eziyingozi kakhulu ze-HPV ezibanga cishe wonke umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho. Ngokungafani nokuhlola okuncike ekuhlolweni okubonakalayo, ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV-DNA kuwukuhlonza okuhlosiwe, okungashiyi sikhala sokuchazwa kwemiphumela.

Kukangaki ukuhlola i-HPV DNA?

I-WHO iphakamisa ukuthi kusetshenziswe elinye lamasu alandelayo okuvimbela umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho:
Kubantu besifazane jikelele:
Ukutholwa kwe-HPV DNA ngendlela yesikrini bese uphatha eqala eminyakeni engama-30 ngokuhlolwa okuvamile njalo eminyakeni emi-5 kuya kweyi-10.
Ukutholwa kwe-HPV DNA esikrinini, ukulinganisa kanye nendlela yokwelapha eqala eminyakeni engama-30 ngokuhlolwa okuvamile njalo eminyakeni emi-5 kuya kweyi-10.

Fnoma abesifazane abaphila ne-HIV:

l Ukutholwa kwe-HPV DNA esikrinini, ukulinganisa kanye nendlela yokwelapha eqala eminyakeni engama-25 ngokuhlolwa okuvamile njalo eminyakeni emi-3 kuya kwemi-5.

Ukuzisampula kwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV DNA kube lula

I-WHO incoma ukuthi ukuzihlola ngokwakho i-HPV kwenziwe kutholakale njengendlela eyengeziwe yokuthatha amasampula ezinsizeni zokuhlola umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, kwabesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala engama-30-60.

Izixazululo ezintsha zokuhlola i-HPV ye-Macro & Micro-Test zikuvumela ukuthi uqoqe amasampula akho endaweni ekahle kunokuba uye emtholampilo ukuze udokotela wezifo zabesifazane akuthathele isampula.

Izinsiza zokuzisampula ezihlinzekwe yi-MMT, okungaba isampula ye-swab yomlomo wesibeletho noma isampula yomchamo, yenza abantu bakwazi ukuqoqa amasampula okuhlolwa kwe-HPV ngokunethezeka kwekhaya labo, futhi kungenzeka emakhemisi, emitholampilo, ezibhedlela... Bese bethumela isampula kumhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze kuhlaziywe elebhu nemiphumela yokuhlolwa ukuze kwabelwane ngayo futhi ichazwe ochwepheshe.