Kuyini u-di-engueimfivakanye ne-DENVvi-irus?
Umkhuhlane we-dengue ubangelwa yigciwane le-dengue (DENV), elidluliselwa kakhulu kubantu ngokulunywa omiyane besifazane abathelelekile, ikakhulukazi i-Aedes aegypti kanye ne-Aedes albopictus.
Kunezinhlobo ezine ezihlukile zegciwane (i-DENV-1, i-DENV-2, i-DENV-3, kanye ne-DENV-4). Ukutheleleka nge-serotype eyodwa kunikeza ukuzivikela kokuphila konke kuleyo serotype kodwa hhayi kwezinye.
I-dengue isakazeka kakhulu ngokulunywa omiyane. Izici ezibalulekile zokusabalala kwayo zifaka:
Ivektha:II-Aedes aegyptiUmiyane uyachuma ezindaweni zasemadolobheni futhi uzalela emanzini amile.I-Aedes albopictusingadlulisela negciwane kodwa ayivamile.
Ukudluliselwa Komiyane Ukusuka Kumuntu Kuya Kumuntu:Uma umiyane uluma umuntu onegciwane, igciwane lingena kumiyane futhi lingadluliselwa komunye umuntu ngemva kwesikhathi sokufukamela esingaba yizinsuku ezingu-8-12.
Kungani sinomkhuhlane we-dengue ngisho nasemazweni angewona ashisayo?
Ukushintsha Kwesimo Sezulu: Ukushisa okwandayo emhlabeni wonke kwandisa indawo yokuhlala yezilwaneOmiyane be-Aedes,izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-dengue.
Ukuhamba Nokuhweba Emhlabeni Wonke: Ukuhamba nokuhweba okwandisiwe kwamanye amazwe kungaholela ekungenisweni komiyane abathwala udenga noma abantu abanegciwane ezindaweni ezingezona ezishisayo.
Ukufudukela emadolobheni: Ukufudukela emadolobheni okusheshayo ngaphandle kokuphathwa kwamanzi anele, okudala izindawo zokuzalela omiyane.
Ukuzivumelanisa Nomiyane: Omiyane base-Aedes, ikakhulukaziI-Aedes aegyptifuthiAma-Aedesi-albopictus, bajwayelana nezimo zezulu ezifudumele kakhulu zezindawo ezinjengezingxenye zaseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika.
Lezi zici zinegalelo ndawonye ekwandeni kokuba khona kwe-dengue ezindaweni ezingezona ezishisayo.
Ungawuthola kanjani futhi uwuphathe kanjani umkhuhlane we-dengue?
Ukuxilongwa kwe-dengue emtholampilo kungaba nzima ngenxa yezimpawu zayo ezingezona eziqondile, ezingafana nezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
Izimpawu:Izimpawu zokuqala zivame ukuvela ezinsukwini ezingu-4-10 ngemva kokutheleleka okuhlanganisa umkhuhlane omkhulu, ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, ubuhlungu be-retro-orbital, ubuhlungu bamalunga nemisipha, ukuqubuka, kanye nokopha okuncane. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-dengue ingaqhubekela phambili ibe yi-dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) noma i-dengue shock syndrome (DSS), okungaba yingozi empilweni. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kusiza ekulawuleni izimpawu ngaphambi kokuba zibe zimbi kakhulu.
Ukutholwamizindlela zokuziphatha zedi-engue:
SUkuhlolwa kwe-erology:Thola ama-antibodies (IgM kanye ne-IgG) ngokumelene ne-DENV, i-IgM ikhombisa ukutheleleka kwakamuva kanye ne-IgG ikhombisa ukuchayeka esikhathini esidlule. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukusetshenziswa ku-imitholampilofuthiamalabhorethri ahlanganisiweukuqinisekisa ukutheleleka kwamanje noma kwangaphambilini ngesikhathi sokululama noma kubantu abangenazo izimpawu abanomlando wokuchayeka.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Antigen ye-NS1:Thola iphrotheni engakhiqizi isakhiwo 1 (NS1) ngesikhathi sokuqala kokutheleleka, okusebenza njengethuluzi lokuxilonga kwasekuqaleni, elifanele ukutholakala ngokushesha ezinsukwini zokuqala eziyi-1-5 zokuqala kwezimpawu. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwaizilungiselelo zokunakekelwanjengeimitholampilo, izibhedlela, futhiiminyango yezimo eziphuthumayoukuze kwenziwe izinqumo ngokushesha futhi kuqalwe ukwelashwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-NS1 + IgG/IgM:Thola kokubili izifo ezisebenzayo nezesikhathi esidlule ngokuhlola amaprotheni egciwane kanye nama-antibodies egazini, okwenza kube usizo ekwahlukaniseni phakathi kokutheleleka kwamuva kanye nokuchayeka esikhathini esidlule, noma ukuhlonza izifo zesibili. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziswa kuizibhedlela, imitholampilo, futhiamalabhorethri ahlanganisiweukuze kuhlolwe ngokuphelele ukuxilonga.
Ukuhlolwa Kwama-Molecular:Thola i-RNA egazini, esebenza kahle kakhulu phakathi nesonto lokuqala lokugula, futhi isetshenziswa ekuqaleni kokutheleleka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ngokunembile, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezibucayi. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ikakhulukazi e-amalabhorethri ahlanganisiwengamakhono okuxilonga ama-molecule ngenxa yesidingo semishini ekhethekile.
Ukulandelana:Ihlonza izakhi zofuzo ze-DENV ukuze ifunde izici zayo, ukuhlukahluka, kanye nokuziphendukela kwemvelo, okubalulekile ocwaningweni lwe-epidemiological, ophenyweni lokuqubuka kwezifo, kanye nokulandelela ukuguqulwa kwegciwane kanye namaphethini okudlulisela. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa kuamalabhorethri ocwaningofuthiamalebhu ezempilo yomphakathi akhethekilengenhloso yokuhlaziya okujulile kwezakhi zofuzo kanye nokuqapha.
Okwamanje, akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-dengue okulwa namagciwane. Ukuphathwa kugxile ekunakekelweni okusekelayo okufana nokuphuza amanzi emzimbeni, ukuqeda ubuhlungu kanye nokuqapha eduze. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuhlonza ukutheleleka kwe-dengue kusenesikhathi kungavimbela imiphumela emibi.
I-Macro & Micro-Test inikeza amakhithi ahlukahlukene okuxilonga e-RDTs, i-RT-PCR kanye ne-Sequencing ukuze kutholakale udenga kanye nokuqapha ubhubhane:
Igciwane le-Dengue I/II/III/IVIkhithi Yokuthola I-asidi- uketshezi/oluyi-lyophilized;
I-Dengue NS1 Antigen, IgM/IgG AntibodyIkhithi Yokuthola Okubili;
I-HWTS-FE029-Ikhithi Yokuthola I-Dengue NS1 Antigen
Izinhlobo Zamagciwane E-Dengue 1/2/3/4 Ikhithi Yokucebisa I-Genome Ephelele (Indlela Yokukhulisa I-Multiplex)
Iphepha elihlobene:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168170218300091?via%3Dihub
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-21-2024