UDisemba 1 2022 wuSuku Lwengculazi Lomhlaba lwama-35.I-UNAIDS iqinisekisa ukuthi indikimba yoSuku Lwengculazi Lomhlaba 2022 ithi "Linganisa".Ingqikithi ihlose ukwenza ngcono izinga lokuvinjelwa nokwelashwa kwe-AIDS, ukugqugquzela wonke umphakathi ukuthi uphendule ngenkuthalo engcupheni yokutheleleka nge-AIDS, futhi ngokubambisana kwakhiwe futhi kwabelwane ngendawo yomphakathi enempilo.
Ngokwemininingwane yoHlelo LweNhlangano Yezizwe Ngengculaza, kusukela ngo-2021, bekunezifo ezintsha ze-HIV eziyizigidi eziyi-1.5 emhlabeni wonke, futhi abantu abangama-650,000 bazobulawa izifo ezihlobene nengculazi.Ubhubhane lwengculazi luzodala isilinganiso sokufa komuntu oyedwa ngomzuzu.
01 Yini i-AIDS?
I-AIDS ibizwa nangokuthi "I-Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome".Kuyisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa igciwane le-immune deficiency virus (HIV), elidala ukucekelwa phansi kwenani elikhulu lama-T lymphocyte futhi lenze umzimba womuntu ulahlekelwe ukusebenza kwawo kwamasosha omzimba.I-T lymphocyte ingamasosha omzimba womuntu.Ingculaza yenza abantu babe sengcupheni yezifo ezihlukahlukene futhi yandisa amathuba okuba nezimila eziyingozi, njengoba ama-T-cell eziguli ebhujiswa, futhi amasosha omzimba awo aphansi kakhulu.Okwamanje alikho ikhambi lokutheleleka nge-HIV, okusho ukuthi alikho ikhambi le-AIDS.
02 Izimpawu zokutheleleka nge-HIV
Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokutheleleka nge-AIDS zihlanganisa umkhuhlane ongapheli, ubuthakathaka, i-lymphadenopathy eqhubekayo eqhubekayo, nokuncipha kwesisindo esingaphezu kuka-10% ezinyangeni ezingu-6.Iziguli ezine-AIDS ezinezinye izimpawu zingabangela izimpawu zokuphefumula ezifana nokukhwehlela, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula kanzima, njll.
03 Imizila yokutheleleka nge-AIDS
Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokutheleleka nge-HIV: ukudluliswa kwegazi, ukudluliswa kocansi, kanye nokudluliselwa komama enganeni.
(1) Ukudluliselwa kwegazi: Ukudluliselwa kwegazi kuyindlela eqondile kakhulu yokutheleleka.Isibonelo, imijovo ehlanganyelwe, ukuchayeka kwezilonda ezintsha egazini noma emikhiqizweni yegazi enegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, ukusetshenziswa kwemishini engcolile ukuze umjovo, ukutshopa, ukukhipha amazinyo, imidwebo yomzimba, ukubhoboza izindlebe, njll. Zonke lezi zimo zisengcupheni yokutheleleka nge-HIV.
(2) Ukutheleleka ngocansi: Ukutheleleka ngocansi kuyindlela evamile yokutheleleka nge-HIV.Ukuthintana ngokocansi phakathi kobulili obuhlukile noma ongqingili kungaholela ekudluliseleni i-HIV.
(3) Ukutheleleka ngegciwane kusuka kumama kuya enganeni: Omama abane-HIV badlulisela i-HIV enganeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukubeletha noma ukuncelisa ibele.
04 Izixazululo
I-Macro & Micro-Test ibambe iqhaza ngokujulile ekuthuthukisweni kwekhithi yokuhlonza izifo ezihlobene nezifo ezithathelwanayo, futhi ithuthukise i-HIV Quantitative Detection Kit (Fluorescence PCR).Le khithi ifanele ukutholwa komthamo wegciwane le-RNA le-human immunodeficiency virus kumasampula e-serum/plasma.Ingakwazi ukuqapha izinga legciwane lesandulela ngculazi egazini leziguli ezinegciwane le-human immunodeficiency virus ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.Inikeza izindlela ezisizayo zokuxilongwa nokwelashwa kweziguli ze-immunodeficiency virus.
| Igama Lomkhiqizo | Ukucaciswa |
| Ikhithi yokubona i-HIV Quantitative Detection (Fluorescence PCR) | Izivivinyo ezingama-50/ikhithi |
Izinzuzo
(1)Ukulawula kwangaphakathi kwethulwa kulolu hlelo, olungaqapha ngokugcwele inqubo yokuhlola futhi luqinisekise ikhwalithi ye-DNA ukuze kugwenywe imiphumela engemihle engamanga.
(2)Isebenzisa inhlanganisela ye-PCR amplification kanye ne-fluorescent probes.
(3)Ukuzwela okuphezulu: i-LoD yekhithi ingu-100 IU/mL, i-LoQ yekhithi ingu-500 IU/mL.
(4)Sebenzisa ikhithi ukuhlola inkomba ye-HIV ehlanjululiwe, i-coefficient yayo yomugqa (r) akufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-0.98.
(5)Ukuchezuka okuphelele komphumela wokutholwa (lg IU/mL) wokunemba akufanele kube ngaphezu kuka-±0.5.
(6)Ukucaciswa okuphezulu: akukho ukuhlangana kabusha namanye amagciwane noma amasampula ebhaktheriya afana nalawa: i-cytomegalovirus yabantu, i-EB virus, i-human immunodeficiency virus, igciwane le-hepatitis B, igciwane le-hepatitis A, i-syphilis, i-herpes simplex virus uhlobo 1, i-herpes simplex virus uhlobo 2, umkhuhlane A igciwane, i-staphylococcus aureus, i-candida albicans, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-01-2022