1 Yini umalaleveva
Umalaleveva isifo sesifo esivikelekile futhi esaphakelayo, esaziwa ngokuthi "ukunyakazisa" kanye ne- "Cold fever", futhi kungenye yezifo ezithathelwanayo ezisongela impilo yomuntu emhlabeni jikelele.
Umalaleveva yisifo esithelelekayo esithelelekayo esibangelwa ukulunywa kwama-anopheles noma ukumpontshelwa kwegazi kubantu abane-plasmodium.
Kunezinhlobo ezine ze-plasmodium parasitic emzimbeni womuntu:
Izindawo ezi-2
Kuze kube manje, ubhubhane lomhlaba wonke lweMalariya lusebucayi kakhulu, futhi cishe ama-40% abantu bomhlaba ahlala ezindaweni ezinama-malariya.
Umalaleveva kuseyisifo esibi kunazo zonke ezwenikazi lase-Afrika, nabantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingama-500 abahlala ezindaweni ezinamaMalariya. Njalo ngonyaka, abantu ababalelwa ezigidini eziyi-100 emhlabeni wonke banezimpawu zomtholampilo bukaMalaleveva, abangama-90% babo ezwenikazi lase-Afrika, nabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2 babulawa umalaleveva minyaka yonke. Eningizimu mpumalanga ne-Asia ephakathi nendawo futhi kunezindawo lapho umalaleveva edlangile khona. Umalaleveva usevama eCentral naseNingizimu Melika.
NgoJuni 30, 2021, owamemezela ukuthi iChina yaqinisekiswa njengoMalariya-mahhala.
3 Indlela Yokudluliselwa Umalaleveva
01. Ukudluliselwa komiyane
Indlela eyinhloko yokudlulisela:
Ukuluma ngumiyane ophethe i-plasmodium.
02. Ukudluliswa kwegazi
Imalaleveria yokuzalwa ingabangelwa yi-placenta ye-placenta noma elonakalisiwe ye-plasmodium nge-plasmodium ngesikhathi sokulethwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka futhi ukuthi itheleleke ngoMalaleveva ngokungenisa igazi elitheleleke ngePlasmodium.
4 Ukubonakaliswa okujwayelekile komalaleveva
Ukusuka ekuthelelekeni komuntu nge-plasmodium ukuqala (izinga lokushisa lomlomo ngaphezulu kwe-37.8 ℃), libizwa ngokuthi isikhathi sokufakwa.
Isikhathi sokufakwa kokufakwa sifaka yonke inkathi ye-infrared kanye nomjikelezo wokuqala wokuzala isikhathi esibomvu. I-General Vivax Malaria, i-Ovoid Malaveria Izinsuku eziyi-14, i-Falciparum Malariya izinsuku eziyi-12, kanye noMalavezi wezinsuku ezintathu izinsuku ezingama-30.
Amanani ahlukene we-protozoa enegciwane, izingqinamba ezahlukene, ukungavikeleki komuntu okuhlukile kanye nezindlela zokutheleleka ezihlukile konke kungadala izikhathi ezihlukile zokufakwa.
Kunezinhlobo ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-latency izinambuzane ezinde ezifundeni ezinomsindo, ezingaba yisikhathi ezingesikhathi esingu-8 ~ 14 izinyanga.
Isikhathi sokufunga kokutheleleka kwe-transfusion siyizinsuku eziyi-7 ~ 10. Umalaleveva we-fetus unesikhathi esifushane sokufakwa.
Isikhathi sokufakwa ngaphakathi singanwetshwa kubantu abanokungavikeleki kahle noma labo abathathe izidakamizwa zokuvimbela.
Ukuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa
01. Umalaleveva usatshalaliswa omiyane. Ukuvikelwa komuntu siqu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela ukulunywa omiyane. Ikakhulu ngaphandle, zama ukugqoka izingubo zokuvikela, njengemikhono emide namabhulukwe. Isikhumba esiveziwe singahlanganiswa ne-Momito Repellent.
02. Yenza umsebenzi omuhle ekuvikelweni komndeni, sebenzisa amanetha omiyane, iminyango yesikrini nezikrini, nokufafaza izidakamizwa ezibulala omiyane egumbini lokulala ngaphambi kokulala.
03. Naka ukuthuthwa kwendle yemvelo, ususe udoti kanye nokhula, gcwalisa imigodi yokuthuthwa kwendle, wenze umsebenzi omuhle ngokulawulwa komiyane.
isixazululo
Macro-micro & t-sermUthuthukise uchungechunge lwamakhithi wokutholwa kokutholwa umalaleveva, okungasetshenziswa ku-Fluorescence PCR yesikhulumi, ipulatifomu ye-Immunochral Amplification kanye nesixazululo esibanzi sokuxilongwa, ukuqapha ukwelashwa kanye nokufunwa kwe-plasmodium:
Iplatifomu engu-01 / Immunochrochrographic
I-Plasmodium Falciparum / Plasmodium Vivax AntigenKit ukuthola
I-plasmodium falciparum antigen ukuthola ikhithi
I-plasmodium antigen ukuthola ikhithi
Ilungele ukutholwa okufanelekile nokukhonjwa kwePlasmodium Falciparum (PF), i-Plasmodium Vivax (PV), i-Plasmodium Vivax (PM) noma i-Plasmodium Vivax (PM) egazini le-Plasmodium (PM) eGenous Peaty noma i-capillary yegazi elinezimpawu ze-vitro, futhi Yenza ukuxilongwa okusizayo kokutheleleka nge-plasmodium.
Ukusebenza okulula: Indlela Yezinyathelo Ezintathu
Isitoreji sokushisa segumbi kanye nokuhamba kwezokuhamba: Isitoreji sokushisa segumbi nokuhamba kwezinyanga ezingama-24.
Imiphumela efanele: Ukuzwela okuphezulu nokucaciswa.
I-02 / Fluorescent PCR
I-plasmodium nucleic acid dection
Ilungele ukutholwa okufanelekile nokukhonjwa kwePlasmodium Falciparum (PF), i-Plasmodium Vivax (PV), i-Plasmodium Vivax (PM) noma i-Plasmodium Vivax (PM) egazini le-Plasmodium (PM) eGenous Peaty noma i-capillary yegazi elinezimpawu ze-vitro, futhi Yenza ukuxilongwa okusizayo kokutheleleka nge-plasmodium.
Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yangaphakathi yereferensi: Qopha ngokuphelele inqubo yokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokuhlola.
Ukuzwela okuphezulu: amakhophi ama-5 / μL
Ukucaciswa okuphezulu: Akukho ukusabela kwesiphambano ngamagciwane ajwayelekile wokuphefumula.
Ipulatifomu ye-03 / yokushisa okuqhubekayo yokushisa.
I-plasmodium nucleic acid dection
Ilungele ukutholwa kwezimfanelo kwePlasmodium nucleic acid kumasampula egazi angenayo asolwa ukuthi angenwe yiPlasmodium.
Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yangaphakathi yereferensi: Qopha ngokuphelele inqubo yokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokuhlola.
Ukuzwela okuphezulu: amakhophi ama-5 / μL
Ukucaciswa okuphezulu: Akukho ukusabela kwesiphambano ngamagciwane ajwayelekile wokuphefumula.
Isikhathi sePosi: Apr-26-2024