I-Influenza A Virus Nucleic Acid

Igciwane lomkhuhlane liwuhlobo olumele i-Orthomyxoviridae. Liyigciwane elisongela impilo yabantu kakhulu. Lingathelela umninimzi kakhulu. Ubhubhane lwezinkathi luthinta abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingu-600 emhlabeni wonke futhi lubangela ukufa kwabantu abangu-250,000 kuya ku-500,000, lapho igciwane lomkhuhlane A liyimbangela eyinhloko yokutheleleka nokufa. Igciwane lomkhuhlane A (igciwane lomkhuhlane A) liyi-RNA enezintambo ezinde ezinezintambo ezinde. Ngokusho kwe-hemagglutinin yayo engaphezulu (HA) kanye ne-neuraminidase (NA), i-HA ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezingu-16, i-NA ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezingu-9. Phakathi kwamagciwane omkhuhlane A, izinhlobo zamagciwane omkhuhlane angathelela abantu ngqo yilezi: A H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, H7N1, H7N2, H7N3, H7N7, H7N9, H9N2 kanye ne-H10N8. Phakathi kwazo, izinhlobo ze-H1, H3, H5, kanye ne-H7 zibangela izifo eziningi, kanti i-H1N1, H3N2, H5N7, kanye ne-H7N9 zifanele ukunakwa ngokukhethekile. Ukuthi igciwane le-influenza A linamandla okuguquka, futhi kulula ukwakha izinhlobo ezintsha, okubangela ubhubhane lomhlaba wonke. Kusukela ngoMashi 2009, iMexico, i-United States kanye namanye amazwe aqale ubhubhane olusha lwe-H1N1 yohlobo A ngokulandelana, futhi lusakazeke ngokushesha emhlabeni. Igciwane le-Influenza A lingadluliselwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene njengomgudu wokugaya ukudla, umgudu wokuphefumula, umonakalo wesikhumba, kanye namehlo kanye ne-conjunctiva. Izimpawu ngemuva kokutheleleka ikakhulukazi umkhuhlane ophezulu, ukukhwehlela, impumulo egobhozayo, i-myalgia, njll., iningi lazo elihambisana ne-pneumonia enzima. Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, izinso kanye nezinye izitho zabantu abatheleleke kakhulu kuholela ekufeni, futhi izinga lokufa liphezulu. Ngakho-ke, indlela elula, enembile futhi esheshayo yokuxilonga igciwane le-influenza A iyadingeka ngokushesha emtholampilo ukuze kunikezwe isiqondiso semithi yokwelapha kanye nokuxilongwa.