Umhla ziyi-18 kuNdasa 2024 ngumhla zingama-24 kuNcwaba “Uthando Lukazwelonke Lwesibindi”, kanti isihloko sokukhangisa salo nyaka sithi “ukuvimbela kusenesikhathi kanye nokuhlolwa kusenesikhathi, futhi uhlale kude nesifo sokuqina kwesibindi”.
Ngokwezibalo ze-World Health Organization (WHO), kunabantu abangaphezu kwesigidi abafa ngenxa yezifo zesibindi emhlabeni wonke minyaka yonke. Cishe oyedwa kwabayishumi bezihlobo nabangane bethu utheleleke ngegciwane le-hepatitis B noma C elingamahlalakhona, kanti isibindi esinamafutha sivame ukuba sincane.
Usuku Lukazwelonke Lothando Lwesibindi lwasungulwa ukuze kuqoqwe zonke izinhlobo zamandla omphakathi, kuhlanganiswe izixuku, kusakazwe kabanzi ulwazi lwesayensi oludumile lokuvimbela isifo sofuba kanye nezifo zesibindi, futhi kuvikelwe impilo yabantu ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthi ukwanda kwezifo zesibindi ezifana ne-hepatitis B, i-hepatitis C kanye ne-hepatitis yotshwala kuyanda unyaka nonyaka eShayina.
Masibambisane, sithuthukise ulwazi lokuvimbela nokwelapha i-fibrosis yesibindi, senze ukuhlolwa okusebenzayo, senze ukwelashwa kube okujwayelekile, futhi silandele njalo ukuze sinciphise ukwenzeka kwe-cirrhosis yesibindi.
01 Yazi isibindi.
Indawo yesibindi: Isibindi yisibindi. Sitholakala phezulu kwesokudla kwesisu futhi sinomsebenzi obalulekile wokulondoloza impilo. Futhi siyisitho sangaphakathi esikhulu kunazo zonke emzimbeni womuntu.
Imisebenzi eyinhloko yesibindi yile: ukukhupha i-bile, ukugcina i-glycogen, nokulawula ukusebenza kwe-metabolism yamaprotheni, amafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate. Iphinde ibe nemiphumela yokukhipha ubuthi emzimbeni, ukwakheka kwe-hematopoiesis kanye nokuqina kwe-coagulation.
02 Izifo zesibindi ezivamile.
1 i-hepatitis yotshwala
Ukuphuza utshwala kuyalimaza isibindi, kanti ukulimala kwesibindi okubangelwa ukuphuza utshwala kubizwa ngokuthi isifo sesibindi esibangelwa utshwala, okungaholela ekwandeni kwama-transaminase, kanti ukuphuza isikhathi eside nakho kungabangela i-cirrhosis.
2 Isibindi esinamafutha
Ngokuvamile, sibhekisela esibindini esinamafutha esingenalo utshwala, esinamafutha amaningi. Izilonda zezicubu zesibindi ezibangelwa ukuqongelela kwamafutha esibindini ngokuvamile zihambisana nokumelana ne-insulin, futhi iziguli zikhuluphele kakhulu futhi zinokuphakama okuthathu. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuthuthuka kwezimo zokuphila, inani lesibindi esinamafutha liyanda usuku nosuku. Abantu abaningi bathole ukuthi i-transaminase iyanda ekuhlolweni ngokomzimba, futhi bavame ukungakunaki. Iningi labangebona ochwepheshe lizocabanga ukuthi isibindi esinamafutha asilutho. Eqinisweni, isibindi esinamafutha siyingozi kakhulu futhi singaholela ekuqineni kwesibindi.
3 I-hepatitis ebangelwa yimithi
Ngikholwa ukuthi kunemikhiqizo eminingi yokunakekelwa kwempilo ekholelwa ezeni enomthelela obizwa ngokuthi "wokulungisa umzimba" empilweni, futhi ngithanda kakhulu i-aphrodisiac, amaphilisi okunciphisa umzimba, imithi yobuhle, imithi yamakhambi aseShayina, njll. Njengoba wonke umuntu azi, "imithi inobuthi ngezindlela ezintathu", futhi umphumela "wokulungisa umzimba" ukuthi imithi kanye nama-metabolites ayo emzimbeni anemiphumela emibi emzimbeni womuntu futhi alimaze isibindi.
Ngakho-ke, akufanele uthathe umuthi ngokungahleliwe ngaphandle kokwazi i-pharmacology kanye nezakhiwo zokwelapha, futhi kufanele ulandele iseluleko sikadokotela.
03 isenzo sokulimaza isibindi.
1 Ukuphuza ngokweqile
Isibindi yisona kuphela isitho esingakwazi ukugaya utshwala. Ukuphuza utshwala isikhathi eside kungabangela kalula isibindi esinamafutha aqukethe utshwala. Uma singaphuzi utshwala ngokulinganisela, isibindi sizolimala yisimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, okuholela enanini elikhulu lamaseli esibindi afayo futhi abangele i-hepatitis engapheli. Uma siqhubeka nokukhula kakhulu, sizobangela i-cirrhosis ngisho nomdlavuza wesibindi.
2 Hlala uphapheme isikhathi eside
Ngemva kwehora lama-23 kusihlwa, sekuyisikhathi sokuba isibindi sizikhulule ebuchosheni futhi sizilungise. Ngalesi sikhathi, angikalali, okuzothinta ukususwa kobuchosheni okuvamile kanye nokulungiswa kwesibindi ebusuku. Ukuhlala ubuthongo kuze kube sebusuku nokusebenza ngokweqile isikhathi eside kungaholela kalula ekunciphiseni ukumelana komzimba kanye nokulimala kwesibindi.
3Tthatha umuthi isikhathi eside
Imithi eminingi idinga ukugaywa yisibindi, futhi ukuthatha imithi ngokungakhethi kuzokwandisa umthwalo esibindini futhi kuholele kalula ekulimaleni kwesibindi okubangelwa yimithi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla ngokweqile, ukubhema, ukudla imizwa emibi enamafutha (intukuthelo, ukucindezeleka, njll.), kanye nokungachami ngesikhathi ekuseni nakho kuzolimaza impilo yesibindi.
04 Izimpawu zesibindi esibi.
Umzimba wonke uya ukhathala kakhulu; Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nesicanucanu; Umkhuhlane omncane oqhubekayo, noma ukuzonda umkhuhlane; Ukunaka akulula ukugxilisa ingqondo; Ukwehla okungazelelwe kokuphuza utshwala; Ubuso obufiphele futhi bulahlekelwa ukukhazimula; Isikhumba siphuzi noma siyaluma; Umchamo uphenduka umbala kabhiya; Isibindi, i-spider nevus; Isiyezi; Ukuphuzi emzimbeni wonke, ikakhulukazi i-sclera.
05 Indlela yokuthanda nokuvikela isibindi.
1. Ukudla okunempilo: Ukudla okunomsoco kufanele kube nzima futhi kube kuhle.
2. Ukuzivocavoca njalo nokuphumula.
3. Ungathathi umuthi ngokungakhethi: Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi kumele kwenziwe ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sikadokotela. Ungathathi imithi ngokungakhethi futhi sebenzisa imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwempilo ngokucophelela.
4. Ukugoma ukuze kuvinjelwe izifo zesibindi: Ukugoma kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela i-hepatitis ebangelwa yigciwane.
5. Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba njalo: Kunconywa ukuthi abantu abadala abanempilo bahlolwe ngokomzimba kanye ngonyaka (ukusebenza kwesibindi, i-hepatitis B, amafutha egazini, i-liver B-ultrasound, njll.). Abantu abanesifo sesibindi esingamahlalakhona bayalulekwa ukuthi bahlolwe njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha - ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound yesibindi kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-alpha-fetoprotein egazini ukuze babone umdlavuza wesibindi.
Isixazululo se-Hepatitis
I-Macro & Micro-Test inikeza imikhiqizo elandelayo:
Ingxenye 1 ukutholwa kwenaniI-DNA ye-HBV
Ingahlola izinga lokuphindaphindeka kwegciwane labantu abane-HBV futhi iyinkomba ebalulekile yokukhetha izinkomba zokwelapha ngamagciwane kanye nokwahlulela umphumela wokwelapha. Enkambisweni yokwelashwa ngamagciwane, ukuthola impendulo eqhubekayo ngegciwane kungalawula kakhulu inqubekela phambili yesifo sokuqina kwesibindi futhi kunciphise ingozi ye-HCC.
Ingxenye 2Ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ze-HBV
Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-genotypes ze-HBV zihlukile ku-epidemiology, ukuhlukahluka kwegciwane, ukubonakaliswa kwesifo kanye nempendulo yokwelashwa, okuthinta izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-HBeAg, ubukhali bezilonda zesibindi, ukwanda komdlavuza wesibindi, njll., futhi kuthinta nokubikezela kwezokwelapha kokutheleleka kwe-HBV kanye nomphumela wokwelapha wemithi yokulwa namagciwane.
Izinzuzo: Ishubhu elilodwa lesisombululo sokusabela lingathola izinhlobo B, C kanye no-D, futhi umkhawulo omncane wokuthola ungu-100IU/mL.
Izinzuzo: okuqukethwe kwe-HBV DNA ku-serum kungatholakala ngobuningi, futhi umkhawulo omncane wokutholwa ngu-5IU/mL.
Ingxenye 3 yokulinganisaI-HBV RNA
Ukutholwa kwe-HBV RNA ku-serum kungaqapha kangcono izinga le-cccDNA kuma-hepatocytes, okubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni okusizayo kokutheleleka kwe-HBV, ukutholakala kokusebenza kahle kokwelashwa kwe-NA kweziguli ze-CHB kanye nokubikezela ukuyeka kwemithi.
Izinzuzo: okuqukethwe kwe-HBV RNA ku-serum kungatholakala ngobuningi, futhi umkhawulo omncane wokutholwa ungamakhophi ayi-100/mL.
Ingxenye 4 Ukulinganiswa kwe-HCV RNA
Ukutholwa kwe-HCV RNA kuyinkomba ethembeke kakhulu yegciwane lokutheleleka kanye nokuphindaphinda, futhi kuyinkomba ebalulekile yesimo sokutheleleka kwe-hepatitis C kanye nomphumela wokwelashwa.
Izinzuzo: okuqukethwe kwe-HCV RNA ku-serum noma ku-plasma kungatholakala ngobuningi, futhi umkhawulo omncane wokutholwa ngu-25IU/mL.
Ingxenye 5Ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ze-HCV
Ngenxa yezici ze-HCV-RNA virus polymerase, izakhi zofuzo zayo zishintsha kalula, futhi ukwakheka kwayo kuhlobene eduze nezinga lokulimala kwesibindi kanye nomphumela wokwelapha.
Izinzuzo: Ishubhu eli-1 lesisombululo sokusabela lingathola izinhlobo 1b, 2a, 3a, 3b kanye no-6a ngokuthayipha, futhi umkhawulo omncane wokuthola ungu-200IU/mL.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-18-2024