Ngomhla ziyi-18 kuNdasa, 2024 wusuku lwama-24 oluthi "Usuku Lukazwelonke Lothando Lwesibindi", futhi itimu yakulo nyaka yokukhangisa ithi "ukuvimbela kusenesikhathi kanye nokuhlolwa kusenesikhathi, futhi ugweme isifo sokusha kwesibindi".
Ngokwezibalo zeWorld Health Organisation (WHO), bangaphezu kwesigidi abantu abafayo ngenxa yezifo zesibindi emhlabeni wonke unyaka nonyaka.Cishe oyedwa kwabayishumi kwezihlobo zethu nabangane ungenwe igciwane lesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B noma C elingapheli, futhi isibindi esinamafutha sivame ukuba sincane.
USuku Lukazwelonke Lothando Lwesibindi lwasungulwa ukuze kuqoqwe zonke izinhlobo zamandla omphakathi, kugqugquzelwe uquqaba, kumemezele kabanzi ulwazi oludumile lwesayensi lokuvikela isifo sokusha kwesibindi kanye nezifo zesibindi, nokuvikela impilo yabantu ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthi ukwenzeka kwesibindi izifo ezinjengokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B, ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo C kanye nesifo sokusha kwesibindi kotshwala ziyanda unyaka nonyaka eChina.
Masisebenze ndawonye, sandise ulwazi lokuvimbela nokwelashwa kwe-liver fibrosis, sihlole ngenkuthalo, simise ukwelashwa, futhi silandele njalo ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvela kwe-cirrhosis yesibindi.
01 Yazi isibindi.
Indawo yesibindi: Isibindi yisibindi.Itholakala ngakwesokudla phezulu kwesisu futhi inomsebenzi obalulekile wokugcina impilo.Futhi iyisitho sangaphakathi esikhulu kunazo zonke emzimbeni womuntu.
Imisebenzi eyinhloko yesibindi yile: ukukhiqiza i-bile, ukugcina i-glycogen, nokulawula ukugaywa kwamaprotheni, amafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate.Ibuye ibe ne-detoxification, i-hematopoiesis kanye nemiphumela ye-coagulation.
02 Izifo zesibindi ezivamile.
1 isifo sokusha kwesibindi kotshwala
Ukuphuza kulimaza isibindi, futhi ukulimala kwesibindi okubangelwa ukuphuza kubizwa ngokuthi isifo sesibindi esidakayo, okungase kuholele ekwandeni kwe-transaminase, futhi ukuphuza isikhathi eside nakho kungabangela i-cirrhosis.
2 Isibindi esinamafutha
Ngokuvamile, sibhekisela esibindini esinamafutha angewona u-alcoholic, ekhuluphele kakhulu.Izilonda zezicubu zesibindi ezibangelwa ukunqwabelana kwamafutha esibindini ngokuvamile zihambisana nokungazweli kwe-insulin, futhi iziguli zikhuluphele ngokweqile neziphakeme ezintathu.Eminyakeni yamuva, ngokuthuthukiswa kwezimo zokuphila, inani lesibindi esinamafutha liyanda usuku nosuku.Abantu abaningi bathole ukuthi i-transaminase iyakhuphuka ekuhlolweni komzimba, futhi ngokuvamile abakunaki.Abaningi abangewona ochwepheshe bazocabanga ukuthi isibindi esinamafutha asilutho.Eqinisweni, isibindi esinamafutha siyingozi kakhulu futhi singaholela ku-cirrhosis.
3 Isifo sofuba esibangelwa izidakamizwa
Ngikholelwa ukuthi kunemikhiqizo eminingi yokunakekelwa kwezempilo ekholelwa ezeni enemiphumela ebizwa ngokuthi "conditioning" empilweni, futhi ngithanda kakhulu i-aphrodisiac, amaphilisi okunciphisa umzimba, izidakamizwa zobuhle, imithi yamakhambi aseShayina, njll. Njengoba wonke umuntu azi, "izidakamizwa zinobuthi. ngezindlela ezintathu", futhi umphumela we "conditioning" wukuthi izidakamizwa kanye nama-metabolites abo emzimbeni anemiphumela emibi emzimbeni womuntu futhi zilimaze isibindi.
Ngakho-ke, akufanele uphuze umuthi ngokungahleliwe ngaphandle kokwazi i-pharmacology kanye nezakhiwo zokwelapha, futhi kufanele ulandele iseluleko sikadokotela.
03 isenzo sokulimaza isibindi.
1 Ukuphuza ngokweqile
Isibindi yiso sodwa isitho esingagaya utshwala.Ukuphuza utshwala isikhathi eside kungabangela kalula isibindi esinamafutha anotshwala.Uma singabuphuzi utshwala ngokusesilinganisweni, isibindi siyolimala amasosha omzimba, okuholela ekutheni inani elikhulu lamangqamuzana esibindi life futhi libangele isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo esingalapheki.Uma iqhubeka nokukhula kanzima, izodala i-cirrhosis ngisho nomdlavuza wesibindi.
2 Ungalali isikhathi eside
Ngemva kwehora le-23 ebusuku, sekuyisikhathi sokuthi isibindi sikhiphe ubuthi futhi sizilungise.Ngalesi sikhathi, angikalalanga, okuzophazamisa ukuphuma okuvamile nokulungiswa kwesibindi ebusuku.Ukungalali ebusuku nokusebenza ngokweqile isikhathi eside kungaholela kalula ekwehleni ukumelana nokulimala kwesibindi.
3Tthatha umuthi isikhathi eside
Izidakamizwa eziningi zidinga ukuguqulwa kwesibindi, futhi ukuthatha izidakamizwa ngokungakhethi kuzokwandisa umthwalo esibindini futhi kuholele kalula ekulimaleni kwesibindi okubangelwa izidakamizwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla ngokweqile, ukubhema, ukudla imizwelo emibi enamafutha (intukuthelo, ukucindezeleka, njll.), futhi ukungachami ngesikhathi ekuseni kuzolimaza impilo yesibindi.
04 Izimpawu zesibindi esibi.
Umzimba wonke uya ngokuya ukhathala;Ukulahlekelwa ukudla kanye nesicanucanu;Imfiva encane ephikelelayo, noma ukunyanya amakhaza;Ukunaka akulula ukugxilisa ingqondo;Ukwehla okungazelelwe kokuphuza utshwala;Yiba nobuso obufiphele futhi ulahlekelwe ukucwebezela;Isikhumba siphuzi noma siyaluma;Umchamo uphenduka umbala kabhiya;Intende yesibindi, i-spider nevus;Isiyezi;Iphuzi kuwo wonke umzimba, ikakhulukazi i-sclera.
05 Ungasithanda futhi usivikele kanjani isibindi.
1. Ukudla okunempilo: Ukudla okunomsoco kufanele kube okumahhadlahhadla futhi kube kuhle.
2. Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo nokuphumula.
3. Ungathathi umuthi ngokungakhethi: Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondiswa udokotela.Ungathathi izidakamizwa ngokungakhethi futhi usebenzise imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokucophelela.
4. Ukugoma ukuvimbela isifo sesibindi: Ukugoma kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo lwegciwane.
5. Ukuhlolwa komzimba okuvamile: Kutuswa ukuba abantu abadala abanempilo bahlolwe ngokomzimba kanye ngonyaka (ukusebenza kwesibindi, i-hepatitis B, i-blood lipid, isibindi B-ultrasound, njll.).Abantu abanesifo sesibindi esingalapheki bayelulekwa ukuba bahlolwe njalo ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha-ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound yesibindi kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-serum alpha-fetoprotein umdlavuza wesibindi.
Isixazululo se-Hepatitis
I-Macro & Micro-Test inikeza imikhiqizo elandelayo:
Ingxenye.1 ukutholwa kobuningi beI-HBV DNA
Ingahlola izinga lokuphindaphindeka kwegciwane labantu abane-HBV futhi iyinkomba ebalulekile yokukhethwa kwezinkomba zokwelapha ngamagciwane kanye nokwahlulela komphumela wokwelapha.Enqubweni yokwelashwa kwe-antiviral, ukuthola impendulo eqhubekayo ye-virological kungalawula ngokuphawulekayo ukuqhubeka kwe-cirrhosis yesibindi futhi kunciphise ingozi ye-HCC.
Ingxenye.2I-HBV genotyping
Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-HBV zihlukile ku-epidemiology, ukuhlukahluka kwegciwane, ukubonakaliswa kwezifo kanye nokusabela kokwelashwa, okuthinta izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-HBeAg, ukuqina kwezilonda zesibindi, izehlakalo zomdlavuza wesibindi, njll., futhi kuthinta ukubikezelwa komtholampilo kokutheleleka kwe-HBV. kanye nomphumela wokwelapha wezidakamizwa ezilwa namagciwane.
Izinzuzo: Ishubhu eli-1 lesisombululo sokusabela lingathola izinhlobo B, C no-D, futhi umkhawulo omncane wokutholwa ngu-100IU/mL.
Izinzuzo: okuqukethwe kwe-HBV DNA ku-serum kungatholwa ngokomthamo, futhi umkhawulo omncane wokutholwa ngu-5IU/mL.
Ingxenye.3 ukulinganisa kweI-HBV RNA
Ukutholwa kwe-HBV RNA ku-serum kungaqapha kangcono izinga le-cccDNA kuma-hepatocytes, okubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni okuyisizayo kokutheleleka kwe-HBV, ukutholwa kokuphumelela kokwelashwa kwe-NAs kweziguli ze-CHB kanye nokubikezelwa kokuhoxiswa kwezidakamizwa.
Izinzuzo: okuqukethwe kwe-HBV RNA ku-serum kungatholwa ngokomthamo, futhi umkhawulo omncane wokutholwa ngu-100Copies/mL.
Ingxenye.4 HCV RNA quantification
Ukutholwa kwe-HCV RNA kuyinkomba enokwethenjelwa kakhulu yokutheleleka kanye negciwane eliphindaphindayo, futhi kuyinkomba ebalulekile yesimo sokutheleleka kwe-hepatitis C kanye nomphumela wokwelashwa.
Izinzuzo: okuqukethwe kwe-HCV RNA ku-serum noma ku-plasma kungatholwa ngobuningi, futhi umkhawulo omncane wokutholwa ngu-25IU/mL.
Ingxenye.5I-HCV genotyping
Ngenxa yezici ze-HCV-RNA virus polymerase, izakhi zalo zofuzo ziguqulwa kalula, futhi i-genotyping yayo ihlobene eduze nezinga lokulimala kwesibindi nomthelela wokwelapha.
Izinzuzo: Ishubhu eli-1 lesixazululo sokusabela lingathola izinhlobo 1b, 2a, 3a, 3b kanye no-6a ngokuthayipha, futhi umkhawulo wokuthola ubuncane ngu-200IU/mL.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-18-2024