Isifo sikashukela yiqembu lezifo ze-metabolic ezibonakala nge-hyperglycemia, ebangelwa ukukhubazeka kokukhishwa kwe-insulin noma ukusebenza kabi kwezinto eziphilayo, noma kokubili. I-hyperglycemia yesikhathi eside kusifo sikashukela iholela ekulimaleni okungapheli, ukungasebenzi kahle kanye nezinkinga ezingapheli zezicubu ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi amehlo, izinso, inhliziyo, imithambo yegazi kanye nemizwa, okungasakazeka kuzo zonke izitho ezibalulekile zomzimba wonke, okuholela ku-macroangiopathy kanye ne-microangiopathy, okuholela ekwehleni kwekhwalithi yokuphila kweziguli. Izinkinga ezibukhali zingaba yingozi empilweni uma zingelashwa ngesikhathi. Lesi sifo sihlala isikhathi eside futhi kunzima ukuselapha.
Sisondele kangakanani kithi isifo sikashukela?
Ukuze kuvuswe ukuqwashisa kwabantu ngesifo sikashukela, kusukela ngo-1991, i-International Diabetes Federation (IDF) kanye ne-World Health Organization (WHO) babeke uNovemba 14 njengo "Usuku Lwesifo Sikashukela LweZizwe Ezihlangene".
Njengoba isifo sikashukela siqala ukuba sincane, wonke umuntu kufanele aqaphele ukuvela kwesifo sikashukela! Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi umuntu oyedwa kwabayi-10 eShayina unesifo sikashukela, okubonisa ukuthi izinga lokusabalala kwesifo sikashukela liphezulu kangakanani. Okwesabisa nakakhulu ukuthi uma isifo sikashukela sesivele sikhona, asikwazi ukwelapheka, futhi kufanele uphile emthunzini wokulawulwa ushukela impilo yakho yonke.
Njengenye yezisekelo ezintathu zemisebenzi yokuphila komuntu, ushukela uwumthombo wamandla obalulekile kithi. Ukuba nesifo sikashukela kuthinta kanjani izimpilo zethu? Ungahlulela futhi uvimbele kanjani?
Unganquma kanjani ukuthi unesifo sikashukela?
Ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo, abantu abaningi babengazi ukuthi bayagula ngoba izimpawu zazingacacile. Ngokusho kwe-"Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in China (2020 Edition)", izinga lokuqwashisa ngesifo sikashukela eShayina lingama-36.5% kuphela.
Uma uvame ukuba nalezi zimpawu, kutuswa ukuba uhlolwe ushukela egazini. Qaphela izinguquko zakho zomzimba ukuze uthole ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kanye nokulawula kusenesikhathi.
Isifo sikashukela ngokwaso asisibi kakhulu, kodwa siyizinkinga zesifo sikashukela!
Ukulawulwa kabi kwesifo sikashukela kuzodala umonakalo omkhulu.
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zivame ukuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kabi kwamafutha namaprotheni. I-hyperglycemia yesikhathi eside ingabangela izitho ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi amehlo, inhliziyo, imithambo yegazi, izinso kanye nemizwa, noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwezitho noma ukwehluleka, okuholela ekukhubazekeni noma ekufeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Izinkinga ezivamile zesifo sikashukela zifaka phakathi isifo sohlangothi, i-myocardial infarction retinopathy, i-diabetic nephropathy, i-diabetic foot nokunye.
● Ingozi yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela iphakeme ngokuphindwe kabili kuya kane kunaleyo yabantu abangenaso isifo sikashukela abaneminyaka efanayo nobulili, futhi ukuqala kwezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kuyaqhubeka futhi isimo siba sibi kakhulu.
● Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zivame ukuhambisana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-dyslipidemia.
● I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela iyimbangela eyinhloko yobumpumputhe kubantu abadala.
● I-nephropathy yesifo sikashukela ingenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokwehluleka kwezinso.
Unyawo olunesifo sikashukela olunzima lungabangela ukunqunywa kwesikhumba.
Ukuvimbela isifo sikashukela
●Yazisa ulwazi lokuvimbela nokwelapha isifo sikashukela.
● Londoloza indlela yokuphila enempilo ngokudla okunempilo kanye nokuzivocavoca njalo.
● Abantu abaphilile kufanele bahlole ushukela wegazi osheshayo kanye ngonyaka kusukela eminyakeni engama-40, kanti abantu abangakabi nesifo sikashukela bayelulekwa ukuthi bahlole ushukela wegazi osheshayo kanye njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma emahoreni ama-2 ngemva kokudla.
● Ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.
Ngokulawula ukudla kanye nokuzivocavoca, inkomba yesisindo somzimba yabantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile kanye nabakhuluphele kakhulu izofinyelela noma ifinyelele ku-24, noma isisindo sabo sizokwehla okungenani ngo-7%, okunganciphisa ingozi yesifo sikashukela kubantu abangakabi nesifo sikashukela ngo-35-58%.
Ukwelashwa okuphelele kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela
Ukwelashwa ngokudla okunempilo, ukwelashwa ngokuzivocavoca, ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa, imfundo yezempilo kanye nokuqapha ushukela egazini kuyizindlela ezinhlanu zokwelapha eziphelele zesifo sikashukela.
● Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zinganciphisa ngokusobala ingozi yezinkinga zesifo sikashukela ngokuthatha izinyathelo ezinjengokwehlisa ushukela egazini, ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi, ukulungisa amafutha egazini nokulawula isisindo, nokulungisa imikhuba emibi yokuphila njengokuyeka ukubhema, ukunciphisa utshwala, ukulawula uwoyela, ukunciphisa usawoti nokwandisa umsebenzi womzimba.
Ukuzilawula kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokulawula isimo sesifo sikashukela, futhi ukuqapha ushukela egazini lakho kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sodokotela abangochwepheshe kanye/noma abahlengikazi.
● Yelapha isifo sikashukela ngenkuthalo, lawula lesi sifo njalo, ubambezele izinkinga, futhi iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zingajabulela impilo njengabantu abavamile.
Isixazululo sesifo sikashukela
Ngenxa yalokhu, ikhithi yokuhlola i-HbA1c eyakhiwa yi-Hongwei TES inikeza izixazululo zokuxilonga, ukwelashwa kanye nokuqapha isifo sikashukela:
Ikhithi yokunquma i-hemoglobin ye-Glycosylated (HbA1c) (i-fluorescence immunochromatography)
I-HbA1c iyipharamitha ebalulekile yokuqapha ukulawulwa kwesifo sikashukela nokuhlola ingozi yezinkinga ezincane zemithambo yegazi, futhi iyindinganiso yokuxilonga isifo sikashukela. Ukuhlushwa kwayo kubonisa isilinganiso sikashukela egazini ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ezedlule, okuwusizo ekuhloleni umphumela wokulawulwa kwe-glucose ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela. Ukuqapha i-HbA1c kuyasiza ekutholeni izinkinga ezingamahlalakhona zesifo sikashukela, futhi kungasiza futhi ekuhlukaniseni i-hyperglycemia yokucindezeleka nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.
Uhlobo lwesampula: igazi eliphelele
I-LoD: ≤5%
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-14-2023