Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus yiqembu lezifo ze-metabolic ezibonakala nge-hyperglycemia, ebangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinto eziphilayo, noma kokubili.I-hyperglycemia yesikhathi eside kushukela iholela ekulimaleni okungapheli, ukungasebenzi kanye nezinkinga ezingapheli zezicubu ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi amehlo, izinso, inhliziyo, imithambo yegazi nezinzwa, ezingasakazeka kuzo zonke izitho ezibalulekile zomzimba wonke, okuholela ku-macroangiopathy kanye ne-microangiopathy, okuholela ekwehleni kwezinga lempilo yeziguli.Izinkinga ezinzima zingaba yingozi uma zingelashwa kusenesikhathi.Lesi sifo siphila impilo yonke futhi kunzima ukuselapha.
Isifo sikashukela sisondele kangakanani kithi?
Ukuze kuqwashiswe abantu ngesifo sikashukela, kusukela ngo-1991, i-International Diabetes Federation (IDF) kanye ne-World Health Organization (WHO) baqoke uNovemba 14 njengosuku lwe-United Nations Diabetes Day.
Manje njengoba isifo sikashukela siba sincane futhi sibancane, wonke umuntu kufanele aqaphele ngokuvela kwesifo sikashukela!Imininingwane ikhombisa ukuthi umuntu oyedwa kwabayishumi eChina unesifo sikashukela, okukhombisa ukuthi ziphezulu kangakanani izinga lesifo sikashukela.Okwethusa kakhulu ukuthi uma isifo sikashukela sesivele sisuke singalapheki, kumele uphile ngaphansi kwesithunzi sokulawula ushukela impilo yakho yonke.
Njengesinye sezisekelo ezintathu zemisebenzi yokuphila komuntu, ushukela ungumthombo wamandla obalulekile kithi.Ukuba nesifo sikashukela kukuthinta kanjani ukuphila kwethu?Indlela yokwahlulela nokuvimbela?
Ungahlulela kanjani ukuthi unesifo sikashukela?
Ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo, abantu abaningi babengazi ukuthi bayagula ngoba izimpawu zazingabonakali.Ngokwe "Iziqondiso Zokuvimbela Nokwelashwa Kwesifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2 e-China (Ushicilelo luka-2020)", izinga lokuqwashisa ngesifo sikashukela e-China lingama-36.5% kuphela.
Uma uvame ukuba nalezi zimpawu, kutuswa ukuba nesilinganiso sikashukela egazini.Qaphela izinguquko zakho zomzimba ukuze ufinyelele ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokulawula kusenesikhathi.
Isifo sikashukela ngokwaso asisibi, kodwa izinkinga zesifo sikashukela!
Ukulawulwa kabi kwesifo sikashukela kuzodala umonakalo omkhulu.
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zivame ukuhambisana nokuphazamiseka kwemetabolism yamafutha namaprotheni.I-hyperglycemia yesikhathi eside ingabangela izitho ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi amehlo, inhliziyo, imithambo yegazi, izinso nezinzwa, noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwezitho noma ukwehluleka, okuholela ekukhubazekeni noma ekufeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.Izinkinga ezivamile zesifo sikashukela zihlanganisa unhlangothi, i-myocardial infarction retinopathy, nephropathy yesifo sikashukela, unyawo lwesifo sikashukela nokunye.
● Ingozi yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela iphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-2-4 kunaleyo yabantu abangenaso isifo sikashukela abaneminyaka efanayo nobulili obufanayo, futhi iminyaka yokuqala yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi isihambile futhi isimo sibucayi kakhulu.
● Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zivame ukuhambisana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-dyslipidemia.
● I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela iyimbangela eyinhloko yobumpumputhe kubantu abadala.
● I-Diabetic nephropathy ingenye yezimbangela ezivamile zokuhluleka kwezinso.
Unyawo olunzima lwesifo sikashukela lungaholela ekunqunyweni.
Ukuvimbela isifo sikashukela
●Khulisa ulwazi lokuvikela kanye nokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela.
● Gcina indlela yokuphila enempilo ngokudla okunempilo nokuvivinya umzimba njalo.
● Abantu abanempilo kufanele bahlole ushukela wegazi lokuzila ukudla kanye ngonyaka kusukela eminyakeni engu-40 ubudala, futhi abantu abangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela bayelulekwa ukuthi bahlole ushukela wegazi lokuzila ukudla kanye njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma amahora amabili ngemva kokudla.
● Ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kubantu abangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela.
Ngokulawula ukudla nokuzivocavoca umzimba, inkomba yesisindo somzimba yabantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile futhi abakhuluphele izofinyelela noma isondele ku-24, noma isisindo sabo sizokwehla okungenani ngo-7%, okunganciphisa ingozi yesifo sikashukela kubantu abangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela ngo-35-58%.
Ukwelashwa okuphelele kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela
Ukwelashwa kokudla okunomsoco, ukuvivinya umzimba, ukwelapha izidakamizwa, imfundo yezempilo kanye nokuqapha ushukela wegazi kuyizinyathelo ezinhlanu ezibanzi zokwelapha isifo sikashukela.
● Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ngokusobala zinganciphisa ingozi yezinkinga zesifo sikashukela ngokuthatha izinyathelo ezinjengokwehlisa ushukela, ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi, ukulungisa i-lipid yegazi nokulawula isisindo, nokulungisa imikhuba emibi yokuphila njengokuyeka ugwayi, ukunciphisa utshwala, ukulawula uwoyela, ukunciphisa usawoti kanye ukwandisa umsebenzi womzimba.
Ukuzilawula ngokwakho iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokulawula isimo sesifo sikashukela, futhi ukuqapha ushukela wegazi lakho kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kodokotela kanye/noma abahlengikazi.
● Ukwelapha isifo sikashukela ngenkuthalo, lawula lesi sifo kancane kancane, ukubambezeleka kwezinkinga, futhi iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zingajabulela ukuphila njengabantu abavamile.
Isixazululo sesifo sikashukela
Ngenxa yalokhu, ikhithi yokuhlola i-HbA1c eyakhiwe ngabakwa-Hongwei TES inikeza izixazululo zokuxilonga, ukwelashwa nokuqapha isifo sikashukela:
Ikhithi yokunquma i-glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (i-fluorescence immunochromatography)
I-HbA1c iyipharamitha ebalulekile yokuqapha ukulawulwa kwesifo sikashukela futhi ihlole ubungozi bezinkinga ze-microvascular, futhi iyindinganiso yokuxilonga yesifo sikashukela.Ukugxila kwawo kukhombisa isilinganiso sikashukela egazini ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ezedlule, okuwusizo ukuhlola umphumela wokulawulwa kwe-glucose ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela.Ukuqapha i-HbA1c kuyasiza ukuthola izinkinga ezingapheli zesifo sikashukela, futhi kungasiza futhi ekwehlukaniseni i-hyperglycemia yokucindezeleka nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.
Uhlobo lwesampula: igazi eliphelele
I-LoD:≤5%
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-14-2023